Due to exchange rate changes and other reasons, the price of raw silk has risen from the past 2 liang to about 3 liang, but the price of silver in China has not changed much compared with 20 years ago. Therefore, at this price, the silk reeling industry can bear a certain price drop and still be profitable after the price drop.
Although it is difficult this year, there are still 42 million exports, and it is likely to increase by a large margin before the end of the year. Because no one recognizes that the price of raw silk will drop before the end of the year, it will be further raised. Perhaps because Guangdong businessmen have long figured out a law, the price of silk often rises after autumn every year, because it is impossible for most areas to produce cocoons in winter.
But for Guangdong, this is simply the biggest advantage, because Guangdong is almost the region in the world that can still produce raw silk on a large scale this quarter. In this era, the output of raw silk in India is relatively scarce, so large-scale production does not affect silkworm, so Guangdong, a subtropical silkworm area, has great advantages in production period
Silkworm is a seasonal organism. Silkworms in the south of the Yangtze River can generally produce in spring and summer. This is a biological law that has been formed for thousands of years. Silkworms with deciduous leaves in autumn also went into dormancy at that time. However, after silkworm arrived in Guangdong, the situation in the base area has adapted to the fact that mulberry leaves grow all the year round in Lingnan area. Guangdong silkworm has adapted to this law and is growing almost all the year round.
Compared with Jiangnan, silkworm in Taihu Lake can produce two silks a year, while silkworm in Guangdong can produce seven silks a year and ten silks a year.
Of course, there is also a law in biology, that is, the longer the growth period, the better the quality. The silk produced in Jiangnan is often the best in quality. The hand-made series of Lihu silk often won the gold medal when it went to the World Expo. Until the beginning of the 2 nd century, the price of raw silk in this area was still world-class, which could be compared with the high-quality raw silk produced in Italy, but the daily raw silk was about one-third lower.
It is difficult to change species, cultivate high-quality silkworm eggs and mulberry trees, which all take time. It took Europeans centuries for scientific breeding to compare with manual production in the south of the Yangtze River after the industrial revolution, and their output almost always compares with that in Guangdong and Guangxi.
The Ministry of Industry has now fully grasped these situations, and they have also hired many silkworm experts from France and Italy to set up special breeding factories in the hope of cultivating high-quality silkworm suitable for Guangdong, but there is no tension at present.
However, at present, Guangdong raw silk can also stand on the world, and its quality can’t be compared with that of Jiangnan. Because that place has been endowed with unique advantages for thousands of years, it can’t be shaken in a short time.
In the international classification, Jiangnan silk is characterized by whiteness, transparency, luster and roundness. Compared with Japanese silk, Guangdong silk is yellow, Indian silk is directly yellow, and the only silk that can be compared with Jiangnan silk is raw silk produced in some areas of Italy.
This is the precious wealth left by our ancestors, and China people will probably be able to eat it for decades. Before enjoying the ancestral dividend for decades, the Ministry of Industry hopes to cultivate its own unique advantages.
The Ministry of Industry hired experts from France and Italy not only to help set up a breeding factory, but also to find various silkworm eggs from Jiangnan, Guangdong and Guangxi for hybrid breeding. European silkworms are afraid to introduce the fear virus. Although microscopes have been introduced for microscopic examination, people are generally not at ease.
At the same time, according to European experience, these experts combined with Guangdong sericulture system technology, standardized production, scientific fertilization, pruning and other technologies to unify the silk production times of Guangdong sericulture farmers to ten.
It is European experts who suggest that large-scale sericulture is very difficult to realize at present, because it means competing with millions of small sericulture farmers for food, and the Ministry of Industry is afraid to promote this technology at present. They are improving on the basis of small-scale sericulture and handing over the improved technology to sericulture farmers.
However, the Ministry of Industry decided to conduct a demonstration in Guangxi. After the war, the population in Guangxi decreased from more than 70,000 to 50,000. There was a lot of abandoned land. Where did the Ministry of Industry buy hundreds of acres of land, set up a sericulture demonstration factory, and built a unified workshop with ventilation equipment and temperature control facilities. At present, a large number of high-quality cocoons have been produced.
They hope to promote it in Guangxi and mulberry fish ponds in the south of the Yangtze River, but they dare not move.
The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology has decided that the output will continue to expand in the next few years, especially the raw silk industry. The French sericulture industry will not recover easily in the next few years, and will continue to enjoy this dividend and expand its own advantages. The development of mulberry industry in Guangxi will continue to develop rapidly.
This big company has monopolized the whole tea industry and gained a dominant position in the raw silk industry. At the same time, the new industry, the weaving and thickening industry, is developing rapidly, while the price changes are not great for several years. The silver surplus has not caused inflation. This means that the funds have not flowed into the field of consumption, but have become the common people’s savings, which means that the big economy is enjoying a beautiful era of high growth and low inflation.
How do you think this beautiful era can’t end in a short time? So Zhu Jinglun decided to start a round of reform after the crisis in the silk reeling industry. Historical reforms often occur in social crises, but Zhu Jinglun felt that it was passive adaptation, not real change, and real change should take the initiative.
Zhu jinglun decided to take the initiative to attack the offensive and change at the best time, instead of waiting until the end of the day to change if you can’t be poor and change if you want to be rich.
When a country is developing at its best, it is often the time when contradictions accumulate, but high growth can often cover these problems. Most countries are often reluctant to change when they are developing rapidly, and feel that their system is best not to change.
However, once the growth is over and the difficulties are encountered, these contradictions are exposed. At this time, I want to change, but I find that the problems have accumulated deeply. Some countries have successfully survived the painful reforms, while others have fallen forever.
When the ancients were poor, they changed, and then they passed. Obviously, the ancients also thought of change when they were at the end of their rope.
Zhu Jinglun finally saw the problems, but because the opposition was too strong, he could stay put, but now that the society is developing rapidly, he thinks it is time to change, not that he doesn’t care about those opposition forces, but that he knows that a country is often more able to withstand the pressure when it is developing rapidly, and the change is actually the lowest at this time.
To take a step back, the risk of change is also the lowest at this time, because no country in history has collapsed when it is growing at a high speed.
Zhu Jinglun decided to seize this opportunity to do what he wanted to do but could not do before he dared to sit down. This time, he will go deep into the most rooted, sensitive and stable core of this ancient country.
Then China rural society.
Section five hundred and sixty-one Military reform 1
Change begins with the military.
Because this is the field that Zhu Jinglun personally controls and is also the cornerstone of national stability, other changes may encounter setbacks. Once the die-hards resist, the worst result will be the collapse of order and chaos. At that time, military power will be the last choice to solve the problem
To put it mildly, Zhu Jinglun should master the means to ensure that this politics will not collapse when he is regarded as a dizzy king.
After the Franco-Prussian War, a large number of European officers returned to China.
These officers all went to Europe in 166, and one of them was the first to catch up with the Pu ‘ao War, but a small group of them went to fight the former officers, and most of them went when Zhu Jinglun withdrew from Beituo after he ascended the throne. They didn’t catch up with the war, but it was widely discussed in Europe at that time, and they learned about it from various military papers and reading materials.
In fact, before the Puo War, the military circles were generally not optimistic about Prussia, because compared with the Austrian Empire Prussia, which was in an absolute disadvantage in population and strength, the general experience of the military circles at that time was the experience of the Napoleonic era. Judging from the experience of the Napoleonic era, everyone recognized that strength was the most important.
Prussia has a population of one million, and the population ruled by the Austrian Empire exceeds 20 million. There is a huge gap between the two sides in terms of reserve soldiers. At that time, most of the Prussian challengers in the German Confederation supported Austria, especially the largest countries, the Kingdom of Bavaria, and other countries were on the Austrian side.
The potential is not as good as that of Austria and neighboring countries. Prussia not only has to face a strong opponent, but also has to face attacks from other countries. No one is optimistic about Prussia.
Even Archbishop Engelsen, the leader of the workers’ movement, recognized that Prussia was doomed.
However, no one saw that the Prussian army presided over the reform in Mao Qi and adopted the general staff system. Mao Qi was able to transport Prussian railways and newspapers.
As a result, although Prussia’s multi-line war had to be divided at the beginning of the war, it was necessary to destroy Austria’s allies Hanover, Hesse and Saxony, which were completely different from Prussia, then attack Frankfurt south, then March on Baden and Wü rttemberg, and finally fight with Austria.
Mao Qi’s bold division of troops is even more criticized for not knowing how to fight bravely, and no one is optimistic about Prussia
As a result, Mao Qi not only swept away Austria’s allies before Austria formed a superior force, but also benefited from the railway advantage in the decisive battle. As a result, Prussia occupied the superior force in the decisive battle.
This kind of railway transportation has become a hot topic in Europe, and everyone has re-recognized the military value of this means of transportation.
Another reason is that Prussia’s new weapons made Prussia’s army shine this time, not the excellent Krupp cannon, but the loaded rifle after Dreiser. In the war, the Austrian army generally made the loading speed of the loaded rifle slower than that of the loaded rifle. As a result, when the Austrian fired one bullet in the war, the Prussia fired three rounds. It is obvious that Austria failed in this firepower advantage.
In another episode of this war, Bismarck tried his best to win over Italy, the biggest ally, and took the lead in attacking Austria with enthusiasm led by their king himself. As a result, he was defeated in a battle, which was of no value before the end of the war.
Many officers, young and old, took part in this war. Of course, they were observers. Although they were interns in the armies of France and Prussia before, after the war broke out, they all arranged military attaché s in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs to go to the war zone to watch the war with officers from Britain, Russia and other countries.
After the war, these officers suffered a great impact, and they could not learn new concepts and methods of warfare.
Before the war, the big officers in France were generally optimistic about the Prussian officers in France, but they also thought that the Prussian army should not be underestimated. After the war, the French trainee officers were greatly impacted, and the Prussian trainee officers felt incredible.
Everyone can accept Prussia’s victory in European countries. It is normal for you to win me and me, but no one expected Prussia to win like this. In Prussia, officers imagined that Prussia would win so easily, while in France, officers imagined that France would lose so badly.
After they returned to China, Zhu Jinglun met them in batches to listen to their learning experiences and ideas in Europe.
"Anyway, the French are very enthusiastic and very brave."
Officers studying in France can finally hide their shame for the French like this.
"The Germans are ingenious and well planned, and their victory is justified."
The officers studying in Germany decided that the victory of the German allied forces was not a fluke.
"Then do you think our army is stronger and weaker than the two countries?"
Zhu jinglun asked them again
On the contrary, the two sides reached an agreement in this regard.
"Brave is not as quiet as France, not as tough as Germany."
They think that the big army is more passionate than the illegal French, and it is as enthusiastic as the French to launch a charge. Of course, it will not run away like the French. They think that the big army is serious and step by step. Although the Germans can obey orders, there are too many cleverness to follow the rules as the Germans, but they think that the Chinese army can endure in the face of difficulties and bear great pressure in unfavorable situations. After paying great casualties, they want officers not to take the lead in running away. They can hold on to a single soldier.
The armies of all countries have their own characteristics, which obviously correspond to the national character of all countries. The French are romantic, the Germans are serious and the China people are hardworking.
But this is not the answer. Zhu Jinglun asked, "Who is strong and who is weak?"
They are reluctant to answer "I’m afraid it’s more organized than Germany and France, and even France is slightly better than China. The key is whether we have their mobilization system now."
The second shock of these officers to the western countries is that all of them are small countries, but once they fight, they can all be equipped with a large number of troops. In the war between Prussia and Austria, more than 60,000 troops were formed in just two or three months. On the contrary, the population far exceeds these countries, but it is difficult to really form 50,000 troops.